]> Savannah Git Hosting - gnulib/maint-tools.git/commitdiff
platforms: Add more QEMU-based environment descriptions.
authorBruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
Fri, 12 Jan 2024 22:25:35 +0000 (23:25 +0100)
committerBruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
Fri, 12 Jan 2024 22:25:35 +0000 (23:25 +0100)
platforms/environments/qemu/hppa-netbsd.txt [new file with mode: 0644]
platforms/environments/qemu/hppa-openbsd.txt [new file with mode: 0644]
platforms/environments/qemu/powerpc-netbsd.txt [new file with mode: 0644]
platforms/environments/qemu/powerpc64-freebsd14.txt [new file with mode: 0644]
platforms/environments/qemu/ppc64le-freebsd14.txt [new file with mode: 0644]

diff --git a/platforms/environments/qemu/hppa-netbsd.txt b/platforms/environments/qemu/hppa-netbsd.txt
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..4b03a2d
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+(DR) Collect pointers to documentation and references
+-----------------------------------------------------
+
+https://parisc.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Qemu
+https://wiki.netbsd.org/ports/hppa/qemu_hppa/
+
+(QV) Choose a QEMU version
+--------------------------
+
+Use qemu-8.0.2
+% PATH=$HOME/inst-qemu/8.0.2/bin:$PATH
+or
+Use qemu-8.1.2
+% PATH=$HOME/inst-qemu/8.1.2/bin:$PATH
+or
+Use qemu-8.2.0 with hppa patches from Helge Deller
+% PATH=$HOME/inst-qemu/8.2.0+-hppa/bin:$PATH
+
+(DL) Download an installation CD-ROM or DVD image
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Download: https://cdn.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/9.3/NetBSD-9.3-hppa.iso
+
+(XK) Extract the kernel from the CD-ROM or DVD image
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+This is not needed in this case.
+
+(CD) Create an empty disk image to be used by the virtual machine
+-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+% qemu-img create -f qcow2 netbsd93.qcow2 10G
+
+(MA) Choose the machine arguments
+---------------------------------
+
+% machine_args="-m 256"
+
+(DI) Choose the disk arguments
+------------------------------
+
+% disk_args="-drive file=netbsd93.qcow2,format=qcow2,index=0"
+
+(NW) Choose the network arguments
+---------------------------------
+
+% net_args=""
+This provides an ethernet interface:
+(qemu) info network
+hub 0
+ \ hub0port1: #net160: index=0,type=user,net=10.0.2.0,restrict=off
+ \ hub0port0: tulip.0: index=0,type=nic,model=tulip,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56
+But it does not really work from within NetBSD later. Therefore:
+
+% net_args="-netdev type=user,id=net0 -device rtl8139,netdev=net0,mac=52:54:00:12:34:56"
+(qemu) info network
+rtl8139.0: index=0,type=nic,model=rtl8139,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56
+ \ net0: index=0,type=user,net=10.0.2.0,restrict=off
+
+(DV) Choose the display/video arguments
+---------------------------------------
+
+% display_args="-nographic"
+
+(B1) Boot from the CD/DVD
+-------------------------
+
+% common_args="$machine_args $disk_args $net_args $display_args"
+% qemu-system-hppa $common_args -cdrom NetBSD-9.3-hppa.iso -boot d
+
+(IN) Perform the steps of the installer
+---------------------------------------
+
+Enter:
+- a: in English
+- a: to hard disk
+- b: Yes
+- a: sd0
+- a: Set sizes
+- /: 2097152, swap: 524288, /usr: 18350080, x
+- x: Partition sizes OK
+- b: Yes
+Ignore messages like this:
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+[ 504.5268850] esiop0: unhandled scsi interrupt, sist=0x80 sstat1=0x0 DSA=0x1 DS
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+- b: Installation without X11
+- a: CD-ROM
+- enter
+- a: configure network
+  a: re0
+  Autoconfigure.
+  DNS domain: MYDOMAINNAME
+  OK? No, since the host name is not right.
+  a: re0
+  Autoconfiguration: No
+  Host name: hppa-netbsd9
+  DNS domain: MYDOMAINNAME
+  IPv4 address: 10.0.2.15
+  IPv4 netmask: 255.255.255.0
+  IPv4 gateway: 10.0.2.2
+  Name server: 10.0.2.3
+  OK? Yes
+  Install in /etc: Yes
+- b: timezone
+  Europe/Berlin
+- d: root password
+  Yes
+  New password: ********
+- g: sshd
+  NO because the key generation would later fail with errors like
+  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  assertion "(*wnumtop) == 0" failed: file "/usr/src/crypto/external/bsd/openssl/dist/crypto/bn/bn_div.c", line 439, function "bn_div_fixed_top"
+  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+- h: ntpd
+  YES
+- i: ntpdate at boot
+  YES
+- o: user
+  name: MY_USER_NAME
+  Yes
+  /bin/sh
+  New password: ********
+- x: Finished configuring
+- enter
+- x: Exit
+# halt
+
+(B2) Boot from the installed disk
+---------------------------------
+
+This does not need a -kernel option, since a SeaBIOS bootloader is installed.
+% qemu-system-hppa $common_args
+
+This boots fine. Now is the time to switch to a graphic display, if desired:
+
+% display_args="-display gtk -monitor stdio"
+% common_args="$machine_args $disk_args $net_args $display_args"
+% qemu-system-hppa $common_args
+
+(PK) Install packages
+---------------------
+
+There are no binary packages in
+http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/pkgsrc/packages/NetBSD/hppa/ .
+
+
+Notes
+-----
+
+The VM is not 100% reliable:
+- Some gcc compilation commands crash with "internal compiler error" and
+  succeed the next time.
+- Some gnulib unit tests, e.g. test-dynarray, may spuriously fail.
diff --git a/platforms/environments/qemu/hppa-openbsd.txt b/platforms/environments/qemu/hppa-openbsd.txt
new file mode 100644 (file)
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--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+(DR) Collect pointers to documentation and references
+-----------------------------------------------------
+
+https://parisc.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Qemu
+https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/hppa/INSTALL.hppa
+
+(QV) Choose a QEMU version
+--------------------------
+
+Use qemu-8.0.2
+% PATH=$HOME/inst-qemu/8.0.2/bin:$PATH
+
+(DL) Download an installation CD-ROM or DVD image
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Download: https://cdn.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/hppa/install74.iso
+-> OpenBSD-7.4-hppa-install.iso
+
+(XK) Extract the kernel from the CD-ROM or DVD image
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+This is not needed in this case.
+
+(CD) Create an empty disk image to be used by the virtual machine
+-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+% qemu-img create -f qcow2 openbsd74.qcow2 8G
+
+(MA) Choose the machine arguments
+---------------------------------
+
+% machine_args="-m 256"
+
+(DI) Choose the disk arguments
+------------------------------
+
+% disk_args="-drive file=openbsd74.qcow2,format=qcow2,index=0"
+
+(NW) Choose the network arguments
+---------------------------------
+
+List of available network devices:
+% qemu-system-hppa -device '?'  # OpenBSD will recognize it as
+e1000                           em0
+i82550                          fxp0
+ne2k_isa                        --
+ne2k_pci                        ne0
+pcnet                           --
+rtl8139                         --
+tulip                           dc0, does not autoconfigure
+virtio-net-device               --
+virtio-net-pci                  --
+...
+
+So, choose one of
+e1000                           em0
+i82550                          fxp0
+ne2k_pci                        ne0
+For example:
+% net_args="-netdev type=user,id=net0 -device e1000,netdev=net0,mac=52:54:00:12:34:56"
+(qemu) info network
+e1000.0: index=0,type=nic,model=e1000,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56
+ \ net0: index=0,type=user,net=10.0.2.0,restrict=off
+
+(DV) Choose the display/video arguments
+---------------------------------------
+
+% display_args="-nographic"
+
+(B1) Boot from the CD/DVD
+-------------------------
+
+% common_args="$machine_args $disk_args $net_args $display_args"
+% qemu-system-hppa $common_args -cdrom OpenBSD-7.4-hppa-install.iso -boot d
+
+(IN) Perform the steps of the installer
+---------------------------------------
+
+(I)nstall.
+Terminal type: xterm
+Host name: openbsd74
+Root password: ********
+Setup a user?
+  login: MY_USER_NAME
+  full name: MY_FULL_NAME
+  password: ********
+Allow root ssh login: yes
+Partitioning: (E)dit auto layout
+  d e
+  d d
+  d b
+  c a
+      14680064 [= 7 GB]
+  a b
+      enter enter swap
+  p
+  q
+Sets:
+  -game74.tgz
+  -xbase74.tgz
+  -xshare74.tgz
+  -xfont74.tgz
+  -xserv74.tgz
+Continue without verification: yes
+
+Reboot.
+
+(B2) Boot from the installed disk
+---------------------------------
+
+This does not need a -kernel option, since a SeaBIOS bootloader is installed.
+% qemu-system-hppa $common_args
+root device: sd0a
+swap device: enter
+
+This boots fine. Now is the time to switch to a graphic display, if desired:
+
+% display_args="-display gtk -monitor stdio"
+% common_args="$machine_args $disk_args $net_args $display_args"
+% qemu-system-hppa $common_args
+root device: sd0a
+swap device: enter
+
+# mail
+
+(PK) Install packages
+---------------------
+
+There are no binary packages in
+https://cdn.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/packages/hppa/ nor
+https://ftp.hostserver.de/pub/OpenBSD/7.4/packages/hppa/ .
+
+It is useless to install the ports collection, because the ports collection
+does not work if X11 is not installed, and we did not install X11 (see above).
+
+I cannot build GNU packages, because while running config.status, 'awk' reports
+an error "floating point exception: Unknown error".
+
+Therefore:
+- Install GNU sed-3.02 from source.
+- Install GNU gawk-3.1.0 from source.
+(These old versions don't invoke 'awk' as part of config.status.)
+Now I can install from source:
+- GNU sed-4.9
+- GNU gawk-4.2.0
+- GNU libiconv-1.17 (needed for gnulib's test suite)
+- GNU make-4.4.1 (as 'gmake'; needed for a VPATH build of any package that contains a bison grammar)
+
+
+Notes
+-----
+
+The VM is not 100% reliable:
+- Some gcc compilation commands crash with "internal compiler error" and
+  succeed the next time.
diff --git a/platforms/environments/qemu/powerpc-netbsd.txt b/platforms/environments/qemu/powerpc-netbsd.txt
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..4ce4460
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+(DR) Collect pointers to documentation and references
+-----------------------------------------------------
+
+https://www.qemu.org/docs/master/system/target-ppc.html
+https://wiki.qemu.org/Documentation/Platforms/PowerPC
+https://wiki.netbsd.org/ports/evbppc/
+https://wiki.netbsd.org/ports/ofppc/
+https://www.reddit.com/r/BSD/comments/a0re4e/tip_to_install_netbsdmacppc_in_qemusystemppc/
+https://chrispinnock.com/stuff/emulation/
+
+(QV) Choose a QEMU version
+--------------------------
+
+Use qemu-8.2.0
+% PATH=$HOME/inst-qemu/8.2.0/bin:$PATH
+
+(DL) Download an installation CD-ROM or DVD image
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Download: http://cdn.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/iso/9.3/NetBSD-9.3-macppc.iso
+
+(XK) Extract the kernel from the CD-ROM or DVD image
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+This is not needed in this case.
+
+(CD) Create an empty disk image to be used by the virtual machine
+-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+% qemu-img create -f qcow2 netbsd93.qcow2 10G
+
+(MA) Choose the machine arguments
+---------------------------------
+
+% machine_args="-M g3beige -m 512"
+
+(DI) Choose the disk arguments
+------------------------------
+
+% disk_args="-drive file=netbsd93.qcow2,format=qcow2,index=0"
+
+(NW) Choose the network arguments
+---------------------------------
+
+% net_args=""
+This provides an ethernet interface:
+(qemu) info network
+hub 0
+ \ hub0port1: #net160: index=0,type=user,net=10.0.2.0,restrict=off
+ \ hub0port0: tulip.0: index=0,type=nic,model=tulip,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56
+But it does not really work from within NetBSD later. Therefore:
+
+% net_args="-netdev type=user,id=net0 -device rtl8139,netdev=net0,mac=52:54:00:12:34:56"
+(qemu) info network
+rtl8139.0: index=0,type=nic,model=rtl8139,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56
+ \ net0: index=0,type=user,net=10.0.2.0,restrict=off
+
+(DV) Choose the display/video arguments
+---------------------------------------
+
+Since
+% display_args="-nographic"
+would not react correctly on the arrow keys, use:
+% display_args="-display gtk -monitor stdio"
+
+(B1) Boot from the CD/DVD
+-------------------------
+
+% common_args="$machine_args $disk_args $net_args $display_args"
+% qemu-system-ppc $common_args -cdrom NetBSD-9.3-macppc.iso -prom-env 'boot-device=cd:,ofwboot.xcf'
+
+(IN) Perform the steps of the installer
+---------------------------------------
+
+This is not a typical NetBSD installation, because we need to install a
+bootloader that the OpenBIOS will recognize. This has an impact on the
+partitioning and adds an extra step at the end.
+
+Enter:
+- Terminal type: enter
+- I
+- a: in English
+- e: Utility menu
+- a: Run /bin/sh
+# pdisk /dev/rwd0
+  - i to initialize a new partition map;
+  - p to view the current state;
+  - C (uppercase) to create HFS boot, first block 2p, length 1m, name Boot, type Apple_HFS;
+  - p to view the current state;
+  - c (lowercase) to create NetBSD swap, first block 3p, length 512m, name Swap, bzb b;
+  - p to view the current state;
+  - c (lowercase) to create NetBSD root, first block 4p, length 4p, name Root, bzb a;
+  - p to view the current state;
+  - w to write the map, confirm y;
+  - q to quit pdisk.
+# disklabel wd0
+  The partition with fstype = HFS and size = 1 MiB here is 'd'.
+# exit
+- x: Exit
+- a: Install NetBSD to hard disk
+- b: Yes
+- a: wd0
+- a: Use existing disklabel partitions (because any edit would destroy the Apple partition map)
+- a: (first partition)
+- f: newfs: Yes
+- g: mount: Yes
+- i: mount point: /
+- x: OK
+- x: Partition sizes OK
+- b: Yes
+- b: Installation without X11
+- a: CD-ROM
+- enter
+- a: configure network
+  a: re0
+  Autoconfigure.
+  Host name: ppc-netbsd9
+  DNS domain: MYDOMAINNAME
+  IPv4 address: 10.0.2.15
+  IPv4 netmask: 0xffffff00
+  IPv4 gateway: 10.0.2.2
+  Name server: 10.0.2.3
+  OK? Yes
+  Install in /etc: Yes
+- b: timezone
+  Europe/Berlin
+- d: root password
+  Yes
+  New password: ********
+- g: sshd
+  YES
+- h: ntpd
+  YES
+- i: ntpdate at boot
+  YES
+- o: user
+  name: MY_USER_NAME
+  Yes
+  /bin/sh
+  New password: ********
+- x: Finished configuring
+- enter
+- e: Utility menu
+- a: Run /bin/sh
+# mount /dev/wd0a /mnt
+# chroot /mnt
+# mkdir /tmp/boot
+# cp /usr/mdec/ofwboot.xcf /tmp/boot
+# makefs -t cd9660 /tmp/boot.iso /tmp/boot
+# dd if=/tmp/boot.iso of=/dev/wd0d
+# exit
+# exit
+- x: Exit
+- x: Exit
+# halt
+
+(B2) Boot from the installed disk
+---------------------------------
+
+This does not need a -kernel option, since an OpenBIOS bootloader is installed.
+% qemu-system-ppc $common_args -prom-env 'boot-device=hd:,ofwboot.xcf;1'
+
+(PK) Install packages
+---------------------
+
+The list of packages is at http://www.pkgsrc.se/
+and http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/pkgsrc/packages/NetBSD/macppc/9.3/All/ .
+See https://www.netbsd.org/docs/guide/en/netbsd.html#chap-boot-pkgsrc
+# chmod 644 .cshrc .profile
+Edit ~/.profile to define PKG_PATH:
+export PKG_PATH=http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/pkgsrc/packages/NetBSD/`uname -m`/9.3/All
+Logout.
+
+# pkg_add bash
+# pkg_add gmake
+# pkg_add vim
+# pkg_add emacs-nox11
diff --git a/platforms/environments/qemu/powerpc64-freebsd14.txt b/platforms/environments/qemu/powerpc64-freebsd14.txt
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..bc2e65f
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+(DR) Collect pointers to documentation and references
+-----------------------------------------------------
+
+https://www.qemu.org/docs/master/system/target-ppc.html
+https://wiki.qemu.org/Documentation/Platforms/PowerPC
+https://www.freebsd.org/platforms/ppc/
+https://wiki.freebsd.org/powerpc/QEMU
+
+(QV) Choose a QEMU version
+--------------------------
+
+Use qemu-8.2.0
+% PATH=$HOME/inst-qemu/8.2.0/bin:$PATH
+
+(DL) Download an installation CD-ROM or DVD image
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Download: https://download.freebsd.org/releases/ISO-IMAGES/14.0/FreeBSD-14.0-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-disc1.iso.xz
+Uncompress it:
+% xz -d FreeBSD-14.0-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-disc1.iso.xz
+-> FreeBSD-14.0-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-disc1.iso
+
+(XK) Extract the kernel from the CD-ROM or DVD image
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+This is not needed in this case.
+
+(CD) Create an empty disk image to be used by the virtual machine
+-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+% qemu-img create -f qcow2 freebsd14.qcow2 9.5G
+
+(MA) Choose the machine arguments
+---------------------------------
+
+The best supported machine appears to be 'pseries'.
+% machine_args="-M pseries,cap-cfpc=broken,cap-sbbc=broken,cap-ibs=broken,cap-ccf-assist=off -m 512"
+
+(DI) Choose the disk arguments
+------------------------------
+
+% disk_args="-drive file=freebsd14.qcow2,format=qcow2,index=0"
+
+(NW) Choose the network arguments
+---------------------------------
+
+This one does not work 100%:
+
+% net_args=""
+
+This provides an ethernet interface by default:
+(qemu) info network
+hub 0
+ \ hub0port1: #net100: index=0,type=user,net=10.0.2.0,restrict=off
+ \ hub0port0: l-lan@71000002: index=0,type=nic,model=spapr-vlan,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56
+FreeBSD will recognize it as 'llan0', but will not be able to configure it
+after rebooting later.
+
+So choose this one:
+
+% net_args="-netdev type=user,id=net0 -device e1000,netdev=net0,mac=52:54:00:12:34:56"
+
+This provides an ethernet interface too:
+(qemu) info network
+e1000.0: index=0,type=nic,model=e1000,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56
+ \ net0: index=0,type=user,net=10.0.2.0,restrict=off
+FreeBSD will recognize it as 'em0'.
+
+(DV) Choose the display/video arguments
+---------------------------------------
+
+% display_args="-nographic"
+
+(B1) Boot from the CD/DVD
+-------------------------
+
+% common_args="$machine_args $disk_args $net_args $display_args"
+
+Resize the terminal to 80x24.
+
+% qemu-system-ppc64 $common_args -cdrom FreeBSD-14.0-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64-disc1.iso
+
+(IN) Perform the steps of the installer
+---------------------------------------
+
+Console type: xterm
+Install.
+Host name: ppc64-freebsd14.MYDOMAINNAME
+
+login: root
+password: ********
+
+Time zone: Europe / Germany / most of Germany
+
+System configuration: Enable ntpd and ntpd_sync_on_start.
+
+System hardening: Select proc_debug.
+
+Username: MY_USER_NAME
+Full name: MY_FULL_NAME
+Invite MY_USER_NAME into other groups? wheel
+password: ********
+
+Exit installer.
+Reboot.
+
+(B2) Boot from the installed disk
+---------------------------------
+
+This does not need a -kernel option, since a FreeBSD Open Firmware bootloader
+is installed.
+
+% qemu-system-ppc64 $common_args
+
+This boots fine. Now is the time to switch to a graphic display, if desired:
+
+% display_args="-display gtk -monitor stdio"
+% common_args="$machine_args $disk_args $net_args $display_args"
+% qemu-system-ppc64 $common_args
+
+Login in as root.
+
+Edit ~/.profile to set TERM=xterm (since qemu's 'gtk' display is based on vte):
+# env TERM=xterm vi /etc/profile .cshrc
+In /etc/profile, add
+  TERM=xterm
+  export TERM
+In .cshrc, add
+  setenv TERM xterm
+
+Add these lines to /etc/sysctl.conf:
+Cf. https://www.freebsd.org/releases/13.0R/relnotes/
+  kern.elf32.allow_wx=0
+  kern.elf64.allow_wx=0
+
+Reboot, so that these settings become effective:
+# halt
+
+(PK) Install packages
+---------------------
+
+There's no way to access the package repositories:
+
+# pkg search bash
+# pkg install bash
+
+does not work because
+  pkg: Error fetching http://pkg.FreeBSD.org/FreeBSD:14:powerpc64/quarterly/Latest/pkg.txz: Not Found
+
+# PACKAGESITE='https://pkg.FreeBSD.org/FreeBSD:13:powerpc64/quarterly'
+# export PACKAGESITE
+# pkg search bash
+# pkg install bash
+
+does not work either, because
+  pkg-static: Warning: Major OS version upgrade detected.  Running "pkg bootstrap -f" recommended
+  Installing pkg-1.20.9...
+  pkg-static: wrong architecture: FreeBSD:13:powerpc64 instead of FreeBSD:14:powerpc64
+
+# pkg bootstrap -f
+# pkg search bash
+ld-elf.so.1: Shared object "libssl.so.111" not found, required by "pkg"
diff --git a/platforms/environments/qemu/ppc64le-freebsd14.txt b/platforms/environments/qemu/ppc64le-freebsd14.txt
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..e621a5a
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+(DR) Collect pointers to documentation and references
+-----------------------------------------------------
+
+https://www.qemu.org/docs/master/system/target-ppc.html
+https://wiki.qemu.org/Documentation/Platforms/PowerPC
+https://www.freebsd.org/platforms/ppc/
+https://wiki.freebsd.org/powerpc/QEMU
+
+(QV) Choose a QEMU version
+--------------------------
+
+Use qemu-8.2.0
+% PATH=$HOME/inst-qemu/8.2.0/bin:$PATH
+
+(DL) Download an installation CD-ROM or DVD image
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Download: https://download.freebsd.org/releases/ISO-IMAGES/14.0/FreeBSD-14.0-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-disc1.iso.xz
+Uncompress it:
+% xz -d FreeBSD-14.0-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-disc1.iso.xz
+-> FreeBSD-14.0-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-disc1.iso
+
+(XK) Extract the kernel from the CD-ROM or DVD image
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+This is not needed in this case.
+
+(CD) Create an empty disk image to be used by the virtual machine
+-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+% qemu-img create -f qcow2 freebsd14.qcow2 9.5G
+
+(MA) Choose the machine arguments
+---------------------------------
+
+The best supported machine appears to be 'pseries'.
+% machine_args="-M pseries,cap-cfpc=broken,cap-sbbc=broken,cap-ibs=broken,cap-ccf-assist=off -m 512"
+
+(DI) Choose the disk arguments
+------------------------------
+
+% disk_args="-drive file=freebsd14.qcow2,format=qcow2,index=0"
+
+(NW) Choose the network arguments
+---------------------------------
+
+This one does not work 100%:
+
+% net_args=""
+
+This provides an ethernet interface by default:
+(qemu) info network
+hub 0
+ \ hub0port1: #net100: index=0,type=user,net=10.0.2.0,restrict=off
+ \ hub0port0: l-lan@71000002: index=0,type=nic,model=spapr-vlan,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56
+FreeBSD will recognize it as 'llan0', but will not be able to configure it
+after rebooting later.
+
+So choose this one:
+
+% net_args="-netdev type=user,id=net0 -device e1000,netdev=net0,mac=52:54:00:12:34:56"
+
+This provides an ethernet interface too:
+(qemu) info network
+e1000.0: index=0,type=nic,model=e1000,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56
+ \ net0: index=0,type=user,net=10.0.2.0,restrict=off
+FreeBSD will recognize it as 'em0'.
+
+(DV) Choose the display/video arguments
+---------------------------------------
+
+% display_args="-nographic"
+
+(B1) Boot from the CD/DVD
+-------------------------
+
+% common_args="$machine_args $disk_args $net_args $display_args"
+
+Resize the terminal to 80x24.
+
+% qemu-system-ppc64 $common_args -cdrom FreeBSD-14.0-RELEASE-powerpc-powerpc64le-disc1.iso
+
+(IN) Perform the steps of the installer
+---------------------------------------
+
+Console type: xterm
+Install.
+Host name: ppc64le-freebsd14.MYDOMAINNAME
+
+login: root
+password: ********
+
+Time zone: Europe / Germany / most of Germany
+
+System configuration: Enable ntpd and ntpd_sync_on_start.
+
+System hardening: Select proc_debug.
+
+Username: MY_USER_NAME
+Full name: MY_FULL_NAME
+Invite MY_USER_NAME into other groups? wheel
+password: ********
+
+Exit installer.
+Reboot.
+
+(B2) Boot from the installed disk
+---------------------------------
+
+This does not need a -kernel option, since a FreeBSD Open Firmware bootloader
+is installed.
+
+% qemu-system-ppc64 $common_args
+
+This boots fine. Now is the time to switch to a graphic display, if desired:
+
+% display_args="-display gtk -monitor stdio"
+% common_args="$machine_args $disk_args $net_args $display_args"
+% qemu-system-ppc64 $common_args
+
+Login in as root.
+
+Edit ~/.profile to set TERM=xterm (since qemu's 'gtk' display is based on vte):
+# env TERM=xterm vi /etc/profile .cshrc
+In /etc/profile, add
+  TERM=xterm
+  export TERM
+In .cshrc, add
+  setenv TERM xterm
+
+Add these lines to /etc/sysctl.conf:
+Cf. https://www.freebsd.org/releases/13.0R/relnotes/
+  kern.elf32.allow_wx=0
+  kern.elf64.allow_wx=0
+
+Reboot, so that these settings become effective:
+# halt
+
+(PK) Install packages
+---------------------
+
+There's no way to access the package repositories:
+
+# pkg search bash
+# pkg install bash
+
+does not work because
+  pkg: Error fetching http://pkg.FreeBSD.org/FreeBSD:14:powerpc64/quarterly/Latest/pkg.txz: Not Found
+
+# PACKAGESITE='https://pkg.FreeBSD.org/FreeBSD:13:powerpc64/quarterly'
+# export PACKAGESITE
+# pkg search bash
+# pkg install bash
+
+does not work either, because
+  pkg-static: Warning: Major OS version upgrade detected.  Running "pkg bootstrap -f" recommended
+  Installing pkg-1.20.9...
+  pkg-static: wrong architecture: FreeBSD:13:powerpc64 instead of FreeBSD:14:powerpc64
+
+# pkg bootstrap -f
+# pkg search bash
+ld-elf.so.1: Shared object "libssl.so.111" not found, required by "pkg"
+
+
+
+
+# pkg search bash
+# pkg install bash
+# pkg install gmake gcc12 binutils gdb vim emacs-nox
+
+Make room:
+# rm /var/cache/pkg/*.pkg
+
+
+Notes
+-----
+
+
+
+Alternative:
+https://artifact.ci.freebsd.org/snapshot/head/latest_vm/powerpc/powerpc64le/disk.qcow2.zst
+-> FreeBSD-powerpc64le-20240111-disk.qcow2.zst